Fístula hepatopulmonar: Una complicación rara del absceso hepático / Hepatopulmonary fistula: a rare complication of hepatic abscess

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Ventilatory response to isocapnic hypoxia in parents of victims of sudden infant death syndrome.

Ventilatory response to progressive isocapnic hypoxia was measured in 14 parents of victims of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 12 matched control parents. Controls had a value for a measure of ventilatory responsiveness (parameter A) of 200.8 +/- 46.4, while SIDS parents had a significantly lower value of 64.4 +/- 16.2 (P less than 0.01). Since degree of hypoxic ventilatory drive is a hereditary characteristic, it is concluded that a relatively low ventilatory responsiveness to hypoxia might have been present in the SIDS victims.

Endorphins and the control of breathing. Ability of naloxone to restore flow-resistive load compensation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Since narcotic drugs profoundly depress breathing, we tested whether endogenous opioids influenced control of breathing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reasoning that the stress of chronic dyspnea might cause elaboration of "endorphins." In 14 patients with COPD (but without respiratory failure) and eight normal controls, we measured ventilation, mechanical lung function, respiratory sensitivity to carbon dioxide, and the increase in respiratory effort elicited by an increase in resistance to breathing; each measurement was performed before and after administration of the opiate antagonist naloxone. Before naloxone, increased resistance to breathing enhanced respiratory effort in all controls, but seven of 14 patients with COPD had no response. After naloxone, these seven patients had load responses. Furthermore, the respiratory effort elicited by the resistance also increased after the drug was given to the patients who had had a response. These data suggest that endorphin elaboration minimizes the stress of chronic airway obstruction.